NURS 6501 Module 1 Case Study analysis
An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature, with a variety of factors and circumstances impacting their emergence and severity.
Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond isolated cell behavior. Genes, the environments in which cell processes operate, the impact of patient characteristics, and racial and ethnic variables all can have an important impact.
An understanding of the signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.
In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify cell, gene, and/or process elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.
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To prepare:
By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.
Case Study Analysis
Scenario 2: A 42-year-old man comes to clinic with chief complaint of pain, redness, and swelling of his right calf. He states that he had been working in his yard using a string trimmer when the trimmer slipped and cut his leg. He cleaned the wound with water from the garden hose and covered the wound with a large Band-Aid. Several days later, he developed fever to 100.6˚ F and chills and noticed that his leg was swollen and red. He comes to the emergency department for definitive care.
The Assignment (1- to 2-page case study analysis)
Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:
Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.
Reminder: The School of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates). All papers submitted must use this formatting.
Submission and Grading Information
To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:
NURS_6501_Module1_Case Study_Assignment_Rubric
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Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following:
Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
Points Range: 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)
The response accurately and thoroughly describes the patient symptoms.
The response includes accurate, clear, and detailed reasons, with explanation for the symptoms supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.
Points Range: 25 (25%) – 27 (27%)
The response describes the patient symptoms.
The response includes accurate reasons, with explanation for the symptoms supported by evidence and/or research, as appropriate, to support the explanation.
Points Range: 23 (23%) – 24 (24%)
The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague or inaccurate. NURS 6501 Module 1 assignment Case Study Analysis
The response includes reasons for the symptoms, with explanations that are vague or based on inappropriate evidence/research.
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 22 (22%)
The response describes the patient symptoms in a manner that is vague and inaccurate, or the description is missing.
The response does not include reasons for the symptoms, or the explanations are vague or based on inappropriate or no evidence/research.
Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
Points Range: 23 (23%) – 25 (25%)
The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
Points Range: 20 (20%) – 22 (22%)
The response includes an accurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
Points Range: 18 (18%) – 19 (19%)
The response includes a vague or inaccurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 17 (17%)
The response includes a vague or inaccurate analysis of the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease is missing.
Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.
Points Range: 28 (28%) – 30 (30%)
The response includes an accurate, complete, detailed, and specific explanation of the pathophysiological processes that may be associated with the development of the diagnosed condition.
Points Range: 25 (25%) – 27 (27%)
The response includes an accurate explanation of the pathophysiological processes that may be associated with the development of the diagnosed condition. NURS 6501 Module 1 assignment Case Study Analysis
Points Range: 23 (23%) – 24 (24%)
The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of the pathophysiological processes that may be associated with the development of the diagnosed condition.
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 17 (17%)
The response includes a vague or inaccurate explanation of the pathophysiological processes that may be associated with the development of the diagnosed condition, or the analysis is missing.
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:
Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria.
Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.
A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria.
Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time.
Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet are brief and not descriptive.
Points Range: 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time.
Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are vague or off topic.
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time.
No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided.
Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards:
Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation
Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.
Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Contains a few (1 or 2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
Points Range: 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)
Contains several (3 or 4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)
Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.
Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Uses correct APA format with no errors.
Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Contains a few (1 or 2) APA format errors.
Points Range: 3 (3%) – 3 (3%)
Contains several (3 or 4) APA format errors.
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 2 (2%)
Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors. NURS 6501 Module 1 assignment Case Study Analysis
Total Points: 100
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Nurs_6501_Module1: Case Study AssignmNurs_6501_Module1: Case Study Assignment
Dermal injuries considerably influence the worldwide health system, inflicting a significant strain on the economy (Sen, 2019). Furthermore, the ailment is aggravated by low healing mechanisms, which are emphasized in studies. This paper is based on a case study of a 42-year-old male who presented to the clinic with symptoms of pain, redness, and edema in his right leg. It highlights the basis of clinical symptoms, the associated gene, and the immunosuppression mechanism.
Presentation of symptoms
The symptoms of pain, redness, and swelling evidenced in the case study are typical of wound infection, which occurs when an infectious agent seeps the wounded skin. Minor wound infection manifestations such as pain, erythema, and edema can be managed conservatively, but more severe infections involve nausea and fever and require specialist care (Kamath et al., 2018). This patient’s symptoms of wound infection are attributable to improper wound care. The patient reported cleaning his wound with non-sterile, non-isotonic gardening hose waters and covering it with a giant Band-Aid. The wound should be properly cleaned with soap and water and covered with sterilized gauze to prevent bacteria from invading the inflicted area. Though infection usually triggers numerous physiological pathways, a local or systemic sensitivity to injury induces inflammation, a mechanism designed to curb the degree of damage and commence the tissue regeneration. From the case study, it’s evident that redness and swelling were the results of local response to infection. At the same time, fever and chills were systematic responses to an infectious agent introduced into the wound following improper wound care.
Genetics
A wound infection might result from substantial tissue injury, such as trauma, or as a tiny cut, bite, or skin puncture from everyday tasks, and it is commonly associated with poor wound care. Cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection that produces redness, swelling, and discomfort in the affected region. Gram-positive cocci such as Staph aureus are the most common cause of the disease (Brown et al., 2021). Cellulitis intensity ranges from local erythema to systemic sepsis and demands a narrow-spectrum antibiotic for treatment.
According to Tipton et al. (2020), certain genetic markers have been proven to influence the strains of bacteria that plague wounds and the healing process. These genes, which include TLN2 and ZNF521, are linked to the proportion of bacteria found in chronic wounds and the presence of common infections. TLN2 and ZNF521 code for actin structure and transcription factor, respectively. Studies have shown that Individuals with SNPs in TLN2 and ZNF521 possess significantly lowered microbial diversity in their wounds and may be at greater risk of developing chronic wound infection caused mainly by Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus infections (Tipton et al., 2020). These biomarkers are crucial in directing therapy since they provide data that may be used to identify individuals at risk of developing various types of chronic infection.
Effects of Immunosuppressant on the body
Immunosuppression weakens the immune system’s ability to combat infection and other disorders. This process puts a person more vulnerable to immunological diseases and conditions. Cellulitis, the most likely diagnosis for the patient, can escalate to systemic infection, especially in immune-compromised people (Sullivan et al.,2018). Because of their reduced ability to produce an immunological response, these individuals may present with deceptively minor symptoms and mild local erythema. Persistent pain may indicate a more latent severe infection. Since these patients may not recognize such symptoms early enough to seek urgent medical assistance, the symptoms tend to worsen over time. Systemic signs of cellulitis in immune-compromised people include fever, bacteria, and leukocytosis, and the illness is known to relapse in these individuals.
Conclusion
Cellulitis is a severe skin infection that produces redness, swelling, and discomfort in the affected tissues. This illness is commonly accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, malaise, and pain. Because these disorders tend to escalate rapidly throughout the body, they must be treated as soon as possible. It is also common among immune-compromised people. As a result, the infection must be diagnosed early to minimize subsequent complications.
References
Brown, B. D., & Watson, K. L. H. (2021). Cellulitis. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549770/
Kamath, R. S., Sudhakar, D., Gardner, J. G., Hemmige, V., Safar, H., & Musher, D. M. (2018, January). Guidelines vs. actual management of skin and soft tissue infections in the emergency department. In Open Forum Infectious Diseases (Vol. 5, No. 1, p. ofx188). US: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx188
Sen, C. K. (2019). Human wounds and its burden: an updated compendium of estimates. Advances in wound care, 8(2), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1089/wound.2019.0946
Sullivan, T., & de Barra, E. (2018). Diagnosis and management of cellulitis. Clinical Medicine, 18(2), 160. https://doi.org/10.7861%2Fclinmedicine.18-2-160
Tipton, C. D., Wolcott, R. D., Sanford, N. E., Miller, C., Pathak, G., Silzer, T. K., … & Phillips, C. D. (2020). Patient genetics is linked to chronic wound microbiome composition and healing. PLoS pathogens, 16(6), e1008511. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008511